Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Location of Infarction in Patients Presented with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Background: In an acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction, transmural myocardial ischemia causes myocardial damage or necrosis (STEMI). In order to establish myocardial ischemia damage, the current clinical definition of myocardial infarction (MI) in 2018 includes abnormal cardiac biomarkers. STEMI is linked to a greater risk of mortality in the hospital compared to non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. The study's purpose was to investigate and assess the effect of cigarette smoking on the location of infarction in people who had ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Methods: The present case-control research investigated 100 individuals who had a first ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction and got split into two groups based on the smoking status: group 1 (50 patients): Group 1 (50 patients) were smokers, whereas group 2 (50 patients) were nonsmokers.

Results: Smokers were significantly younger than non-smokers (53.86±7.77) years vs. (58.20 ± 7.80), P = 0. 006. Gender distribution: Smokers were significantly more likely to be male (82.0% vs. 58.0%, P = 0.009). inferior STEMI was statistically significant difference among the two groups (P value =0.045*). Myocardial Infarction Localization by electrocardiogram was statistically significant different among the two groups (P value =0.045*). Ejection fraction (EF) was statistically significant different among the two groups (smoker and nonsmokers respectively 54.86 ± 8.58% vs. 49.04 ± 6.61%) (P value =0.001*).

Conclusions: Smoking raises STEMI risk, and smokers are more likely than non-smokers to develop coronary artery disease at an earlier age.