Effect of Methanolic Stem Bark Extract of Acacia nilotica (Bagaruwa) on Some Renal Function Parameters in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterize by high blood sugar which gives rise to many complications including diabetic nephropathy. While there were enormous reports on the uses and efficacy of various medicinal plants, very few information are available on their safety and side effects while been used to treat certain ailment.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of methanolic stem bark extract of Acacia nilotica on some renal function parameters in alloxan induced diabetic albino Rats.

Methodology: Thirty (30) young albino rats were grouped into six (6), comprising of five (5) rats per group. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate and blood glucose level was determined forty eight hours (48 hrs) after injection. After induction of diabetes, Metformin and selected doses of Acacia nolitica extract were orally administered for 4 weeks after which serum biochemical markers were determined.

Results: Acacia nilotica and metformin decreased fasting blood glucose levels compared to diabetic control Group. No significant changes were observed in electrolytes level with the exception of urea and creatinine that significantly (P˂0.05) decreased at 1200 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg respectively compared to control.

Conclusion: The present study revealed that, the plant extract possessed hypoglycemic effect and that it have nephrotoxic protection effect.